London Journal of Research In Management & Business
London Journal of Research in Management & Business London Journal of Research in Management & Business is devoted to advancing an understanding of research in the management of global businesses, economics, providing practical, theoretical, and managerial implications useful for further research development. As a flagship scholarly journal, It is a peer-reviewed, international, indexed journal. The Journal publishes high-quality research papers that are double-blind refereed. Authors and readers include academic researchers and educators, as well as business professionals. The Journal publishes but is not limited to theoretical and empirical research addressing business strategy, comparative and cross-cultural management, risk management, organizational behavior, and human resource management. SUBMIT MANUSCRIPT
The Productions of the Subjectivities of Being a Woman in the act of Living in the MST Camp on the Ipanema Farm in Iperó/SP, Brazil
This work aimed to understand the resignifications of living in the productions of singular subjectivities of Being a Woman in the landless workers camp on the Ipanema farm in Iperó/SP. For this, in the theoretical part, there was a discussion on the production of subjectivities, from a post-structuralist perspective, and the segmentarities of this production based on desire, rhizome and territory, observing in these elements the possibilities of escape and singularities amid the productions of capitalistic subjectivities. The data presented in this study were collected through narrative interviews. The analysis of the narratives produced about the act of living during the camp times on the Ipanema farm demonstrated aspects of a resignification of practices that involve the very production of meanings of the act of living. Amidst these resignifications, women were produced, through breaks in the lines of flight of the struggle for land, but keeping to the stratifications and delimitations of the roles that accompany Being a Woman
: Living. Being a woman. Landless Workers Movement. Subjectivity.
Copyright (c) 2024 Authors and Global Journals Private Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Any large economic project will invariably involve some form of insurance, as a necessary part of its risk management process. Depending on the project, the premiums for such insurance could potentially assume formidable proportions, significantly affecting overall project cost. Not surprisingly, project managers therefore occasionally choose to self-insure (i.e. forego the services of the usual insurance entities and assume the liability themselves, as just one more cost of doing business). The main aim of this paper is to demonstrate that it is not always necessary to approach the issue of self-insurance in a binary manner: In many cases, the choice will involve retaining part of the risk/liability and passing on the rest to the appropriate insurer(s).
Assessing the Impact of Legal Risk on Performance in Nigerian Deposit Money Banks: A SEM Analysis
The research examined the influence of legal risk on the performance of selected deposit money banks in Nigeria using (primary) data sourced from bank employees through a well-structured questionnaire. The study used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), and the hypotheses of the study were tested using Partial Least Square (PLS) technique. The model consisted of four latent variables which are legal risk, environmental risk, institutional risk, and performance. Performance served as the explained variable, legal risk, environment risk, and institutional risk served as the explanatory variables; legal risk is the main explanatory variable, while environmental and institutional risks are the control variables. It was observed that legal risk negatively and significantly influences performance. Similarly, the control variables have a significant effect on performance. Therefore, it is recommended that banks take a precautionary approach in managing legal risk by striving to anticipate and prevent it.
The Playtech Edu Platform and the Consequences of Technology for Data Monitoring and Improving Educational Indexes in the Municipality of São Miguel Dos Campos – Alagoas
This article aims to evaluate the impact of the PlaytechEdu platform on educational indicators in the municipality of São Miguel dos Campos – Alagoas, demonstrating how this platform positively influences data monitoring and demonstrating the importance of these technologies in achieving improvements in municipal education. The research will demonstrate, based on descriptions of the features of the PlaytechEdu platform, how it has been implemented in the municipality of São Miguel dos Campos – Alagoas, based on a data analysis and comparison with municipal educational indicators before and after the implementation of the platform. Finally, it will seek to discuss the role of startups and govetechs in public management innovation, and their influence on the improvement of public services. The research uses a mixed research line, graphically demonstrating the improvement resulting from the implementations, based on a documentary analysis of reports, spreadsheets and data provided by the education department of the municipality of São Miguel dos Campos. Thus, the research seeks to show how the implementation of PlaytechEdu is a significant factor in the search for educational quality in the municipality of São Miguel dos Campos, corroborating the digital technological potential in educational transformation and improvement of local results.
Copyright (c) 2025 Authors and Global Journals Private Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
A Review of the Strategic Approaches for Financial Performance Evaluation and Financial Distress Prediction Models of the Oil and Gas Companies in India and Oman
One of the most prominent industries in the world is oil and gas which plays a major role in influencing the global economic scenario. The primary source of fuel all around the world is delivered by these industries. In general, financial statement analysis focuses on evaluating the performance of organizations that contribute to developing the economy or thriving in a highly competitive environment. The objective of the research is to examine the various approaches adopted by the researchers of recent times towards predicting the Financial Performance and Financial Distress of Oil and Gas Companies. An attempt is made by the researcher to identify the techniques through which financial distress and performance of the Oil and Gas Companies belonging to India and Oman are predicted. The research also has identified and proposed a few strategies that are to be adopted by the Oil and Gas Sector to improve their financial performance and stay sustainable in the market in the long run.
Copyright (c) 2026 Authors and Global Journals Private Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Administrative Systems as Data Infrastructures: Rethinking State Capacity Through Work Management
This article examines how administrative systems for work management can be reconceptualized as data infrastructures within the state, contributing to the development of analytical capacity in public organizations. While digital transformation in the public sector has largely focused on service delivery and citizen-facing platforms, less attention has been given to internal administrative systems through which governments generate and structure organizational data. To address this gap, the study adopts a qualitative single-case design, analyzing the development of the Integrated System for Attendance and Activity Management (SIGFA) in the State Secretariat for Planning of Piauí (SEPLAN/PI), Brazil. The methodological approach combines document analysis, observation of organizational routines, and exploratory interviews with key actors involved in the system’s design and implementation. The findings reveal structural limitations in traditional time-control systems, particularly their focus on presence-based monitoring and their limited capacity to generate structured data on institutional activities. In contrast, SIGFA illustrates how administrative systems can be reconfigured to integrate time registration, activity monitoring, and data visualization into coherent data flows, enhancing organizational visibility, coordination, and decision-making. The article advances three contributions: it conceptualizes administrative systems as institutional data infrastructures; proposes an analytical model based on data generation, integration, and utilization; and provides empirical evidence from a Global South context. It also highlights tensions between data-driven management and data-based control, contributing to debates on digital transformation, state capacity, and public value.
digital transformation; data infrastructures
The Sustainability of Moral Values in Marriage Towards a Nation Building
In the contemporary society, issues relating to moral values cannot be under-estimated as it promotes sanity, progress, growth, development, sanctity of life among others. In view of human perception, moral values is essential for the growth and development of family, organization and the society at large. In the light of this, all veritable variables that could promote moral rectitude needs to be given attention and not to be treated with kid glove by government or an individuals. But, despite the fact that African society lay emphasis on moral values, it is disheartening that the concept is not given a significant place in some families, organisations and institutions which in turn bring retrogression in some areas in the society. Thus, the objective of this work is to look into the significant of moral values in marriage towards the sustainability of a nation building. Historical method was adopted for the study. Findings revealed that there are certain values in marriage which can be used for the growth of the nation. It was also noted from the study that some moral values in marriage in the past are fading gradually from the society. The work recommends that moral values that are common to marriage sanctity need to be promoted by each family for the growth of the society, family should inculcate good values in the life of their children by making them to be accountable for every responsibility given to them, this will promote peace, unity and sanity in the society.
Financial Socialization and Personal Financial Management Behaviour of Women of Punjab: The Mediating Role of Digital Financial Literacy
Personal financial management is a crucial concern for everyone in the society especially women as they have lack of financial skills needed for financial decisions. The current study aims to examine the influence of various financial socialization agents including family, peers, financial education, media and self-learning on personal financial management behaviour and also to determine the mediating role of digital financial literacy on this relationship. The study used quantitative techniques to collect data from 390 women respondents aged 18-45 to check their financial socialization through a self-administered structured questionnaire. The results of multiple regression revealed that various financial socialization agents significantly influence personal financial management behaviour and digital financial literacy partially mediate this relationship. This study’s importance lies in its careful examination of the mediation pathways, which offers useful information to financial institutions, educators, and legislators. The uniqueness is in how digital financial literacy is combined with financial socialisation to provide a comprehensive grasp of the mechanisms driving women personal financial behaviour and empower them in the digital age. This study addresses the complex relationships examined in this multiple regression investigation, which helps to guide the creation of focused interventions to promote favourable financial outcomes.
Taxonomía y Avance de los Patrones Delictivos Entregados por Inteligencia Artificial Generativa: Análisis de Casos Reales (2023 – 2025)
Este articulo examina como ha cambiado las clases de delitos debido a la democratización de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA). Entre el 2023 y el 2025, se percibe un movimiento de ataques simples hacia formas automatizadas, adaptativas y personalizadas. La investigación sugiere una clasificación dividida en tres componentes: IA como herramienta (deepfakes, phishing automatizado) (, p.1), IA como objeto de ataque (infecciones mediante inyección de prompts) (, p.2) e IA como un agente independiente dentro de redes de botnets avanzadas. Las estadísticas revelan un aumento del 238% en los incidentes cibernéticos impulsados por IA durante el año 2023 (, p.2), con pérdidas globales que superan los 8.5 millones de dólares. Ejemplos confirmados, como el uso de aplicaciones de “falsificación de desnudos” en España o estafas de clonación de voz en 2025, muestran que la IA ha facilitado el acceso técnico a delincuentes menos experimentados al mismo tiempo que amplifica la efectividad de grupos criminales internacionales. El informe IOCTA 2025 de Europol (, p.1) señala que la IA no solo apoya el fraude, sino que es el núcleo de una nueva etapa de “identidades artificiales” que pone a prueba los marcos legales vigentes, como el Tratado de Ciberdelincuencia de la ONU de 2024.
Empowering Quilombola Communities through Legal Design and Accessible Governance
Quilombola communities in Brazil have been interacting with Public and private sectors to develop carbon offset projects. However, governance in these initiatives faces structural challenges due to the technical jargon used in formal written documents and one-sided decision-making models. Issues like these conflict with the oral tradition, collectivity, and cultural practices of these quilombola communities, barring the exercise of their rights and hindering their development. This article analyses how the use of Legal Design techniques help to strengthen the political autonomy and self-management capacity of quilombola communities. By removing language barriers from carbon offset agreements that help the development of quilombola communities, these communities may reach higher levels of understanding of the project’s governance, and result in better agreements for the community.
Fintech Business Models Focus on Financing SMEs in the age of AI
In our paper we discuss the financing situation of SMEs, by analyzing the impact of AI on the credit market for SME. We identify the financial frictions that exist, their causes, and possible solutions. In doing so, we consider the framework within all participants in the SME financial market operate, as well as specific processes on the supply and demand side and the transactional dimension. Of course, this paper must also consider the regulatory specifics that arise in particular from the use of AI in the lending process. The paper concludes with recommendations for SMEs, lenders, and regulators/policy makers.
Comparative Analysis of Income Tax Planning under the New and Old Tax Regimes in India for Financial Year 2025–26: An Empirical and Behavioural Perspective
The introduction of the New Tax Regime in India aimed to simplify tax compliance while offering lower rates and limited deductions. With significant changes announced in Budget 2025–26, taxpayers face a complex choice between the traditional Old Regime and the simplified New Regime. This paper integrates a comparative tax liability analysis (for incomes ranging from ₹5 lakh to ₹25 lakh) with insights from recent studies on investor behaviour towards tax planning. Findings indicate that the New Regime offers clear advantages for low- and middle-income taxpayers without significant deductions, while the Old Regime continues to benefit high-income earners who can claim substantial exemptions. Behavioural factors, including awareness, investment habits, and risk appetite, strongly influence regime selection. Policy recommendations emphasize the need for financial literacy initiatives and tailored advisory support.
A Brief Study and Exploration of the Detailed Concepts of Social and Economic Cooperation with the Limited Opinions of Cooperative Economists on the Cooperation Principles Mansour Mozaffary
Background and Objective In this topic and research, several concepts of “cooperation” have been mentioned and presented with the opinions of economic scientists with more themes and numerous concepts, but rather the aim is to observe several specific opinions of economic experts. Method: It is derived from the method of content ratio coefficient (CVR) and content index (CVI) and in such a way that it has taken examples from the opinions of cooperative economists and in another method, it has also taken several cases from the history of economic ideas and economic institutions. Findings: The meaning and concept of cooperation have been intuitively presented to researchers in various forms and forms, and cooperation has been completely raised from a general concept to a specific concept, namely cooperative economics, and another finding is that with the economic and centralized tendency, namely cooperatives, the manifestation and form of economic and social has been achieved simultaneously. Conclusion: Based on the research findings and initial themes, basic concepts and theories of economic scientists, it is evident that the presentation of an economic and social system is completely dependent on cooperation and collaboration, especially unity, and in the end, if there is a disruption, it will originate from the lack of unity and unity of individuals.
Modeling the Management Metaphor with Massive Deep Learning using Artificial Intelligence
In recent years, unprecedented global changes have occurred in the digital and traditional worlds, associated with a significant acceleration of the impact of digital transformations and artificial intelligence tools as one of the main factors of the evolutionary and revolutionary engines of modern civilization, which provides unprecedented opportunities, problems and challenges for everyone. The problem, in our opinion, is that the huge potential of using advanced digital transformations and artificial intelligence systems for mass deep lifelong learning, increasing the literacy and competencies of persons through the implementation of their long-term projects has still not found widespread application in practice. One of the methods and means of promoting the sustainable development of persons under the influence of increasingly rapid changes is our evolutionary approach to modeling a general mathematized metaphor of a dynamic science-based object, a long-term project, means “Massive Deep Learning Throughout the Life of Civil Servants of Ukraine”, namely: “Escalator of Sustainable Development of Unique Person-Centered Projects”. The aim of this study was to define in the mathematical constructs of our arrow theory, this Escalator, which represents the evolution of personal project trajectories relative to established planned results and aims to facilitate the search for the best first search for an exemplary solution based on best practices, allowing persons to timely understand their status quo and adapt to the future of learning, work and social life. Our arrow approach is based on the proposed mathematized method of horizontal and vertical reduction, system methodology, abstraction, analysis and synthesis, analogies, virtualization, methods from basic disciplines such as mathematics, psychology, digital pedagogy, lifelong learning, linguistics, computer science, project management. Project volume indicators for the next 3-5 years are determined.
Effectiveness of Public Awareness Campaigns in Influencing University Students’ Attitudes and Behaviours
Public awareness campaigns are a strategic tool to inform, educate, and influence behavioural outcomes within targeted populations. University students represent a valuable demographic for such campaigns because they represent a critical stage of cognitive, social, and identity development. This paper provides a study of the effectiveness of public awareness campaigns in shaping attitudes and behaviours of students in “Aleksander Moisiu” University of Durres, in Albania. Referring to behavioural science theories, recent empirical research, communication studies, and primary analysis deriving from students’ participation in an online questionnaire, the paper discusses factors that influence campaign success. These factors include credibility, message framing, delivery channels, and engagement strategies. The study highlights that public awareness campaigns can significantly influence university students’ attitudes and behaviours when addressing issues perceived as immediate or personally meaningful and designed with intentionality, relevance, and student engagement in mind. Recommendations for designing effective campaigns tailored to university contexts are also synthesized.
Digital Marketing Strategies to Attract a New Generation of Tourists
The article examines the peculiarities of consumer behavior of Generation Z tourists, who predominantly use smartphones, prefer Instagram over other social networks such as Facebook, YouTube and Twitter, and spend a significant part of their time in the online space, using social networks as a source of information before traveling and for planning their trips. The article is aimed at studying the features of consumer behavior of Generation Z in tourism and developing digital marketing offers to attract Generation Z. The study revealed the importance of influencer marketing, since consumers are more likely to trust the recommendations of independent experts rather than directly brands. It is determined that the dynamic nature of the tourism industry requires flexibility in response to market changes and the development of original marketing approaches, and therefore causes the need to implement an influencer marketing strategy in social networks, which will contribute to influencing the purchasing decisions of consumers, in particular, Generation Z, which makes it an important tool in the tourism sector. As a result of the study, a number of specific characteristics of Generation Z as a promising group of active tourists were identified, namely: digitalization of travel, orientation to experience, activity in social networks, high expectations for personalization, focus on sustainable tourism, price sensitivity, flexibility in planning, inclination to travel in the company, trust in reviews and recommendations, multifunctionality. This made it possible to develop marketing areas for effective work with this market segment: digital presence and mobility, cooperation with influencers, environmental responsibility, individualization of offers, experience beyond comfort, gamification of interaction with customers, formats for digital nomads, fast and convenient service, flexible pricing policy, “Bring a friend” programs. Also, these areas are adapted to Ukrainian modern conditions. The implementation of these marketing proposals will increase the effectiveness of attracting Generation Z to tourist destinations. Overall, the study contributed to existing knowledge about influencer marketing and Gen Z behavior, providing valuable insights for industry professionals on how to engage this category of consumers and deepening understanding of this dynamic and influential demographic.
Marketing Metamorphosis: Bridging Traditional and Digital Sales Strategies in the Tech-Driven Age
From the billboard to the byte, from the handshake to the hyperlink, marketing has changed drastically in the vast theater of 21st-century business. This research article explores the dynamic juxtaposition and convergence of conventional and digital marketing and sales techniques, therefore highlighting the tectonic changes in customer involvement, campaign orchestration, and technology mediation. Influencer marketing, CRM automation, and influencer marketing as business ecosystems migrate from the analog inertia of print advertisements and field sales into the turbulent digital storm of AI-driven analytics necessitate not just adaptation but also change from the toolset perspective. This study seeks to outline the philosophical undercurrents, historical background, and technical progress that have collectively rewritten the marketing playbook, therefore acting as a compass for contemporary professionals—an intellectual ready reckoner. In its golden age, traditional marketing depended on wide brushstrokes—mass communications across stationary media like print, radio, and television. Designed to mesmerize the collective consciousness, the campaign was monologic, one-directional. Newspapers column inches, the famous tagline, the television jingle—they were the currency of credibility. Their philosophy rested on emotional resonance, persuasion, and aspirational identity. These approaches were sometimes castles constructed on sand—grand in intention but precarious in responsibility—limited capacity for feedback, and measures based more on intuition than evidence. Now enter the digital era, and the marketing landscape changed like molten lava cooling into fresh lines. Digital marketing presented to the customer a mirror—responsive, reflecting, and sharp. The traditional marketing order was disrupted when email marketing, SEO, social media platforms, artificial intelligence-powered analytics, and real-time participation arose. From fixed broadcasts, campaigns changed into dynamic interactions in which algorithms whispered insights and milliseconds evaluated participation. The speech evolved into a discussion, the broad pitch gave way to micro-targeted narrative, and data helped to dethroness intuition. By use of numerous axes—audience reach, cost structure, engagement philosophy, customization depth, communication dynamics, and technology enablers—this study explores the relative architecture of conventional and digital marketing. It compares the non-linear, convoluted buyer path of today with the once-linear sales funnel. From relationship-centric field sales to digitally fluid social selling, where artificial intelligence scores leads, chatbots foster interest, and predictive analytics anticipate customer needs even before they are expressed, the research questions this viewpoint. Likewise important is the conceptual framework supporting this transformation of marketing. Rooted in a mass-psychology paradigm influenced by economic models of supply and demand, enhanced by cultural motifs, and driven by aspirational storylines, is traditional marketing. It grew best on monolithic branding and consistent message. Conversely, digital marketing comes out of the hyper-personalisation paradigm—nimble, fractal, and influenced by behavioral psychographics. Here, co-authored by people, carefully chosen in real-time, and sensitive to emotion, narrative is not a script but a mosaic. From the post-industrial consumption boom to the aspirational consumer of the 20th century, this research also examines the financial, psychological, and sociological elements defining the roots of conventional marketing. It then graphs the emergence of digital disruptors, highlighting events such the release of Google AdWords, the climb of social media, and the inclusion of artificial intelligence into consumer service, content production, and campaign management. Every one of these developments is more of a jump into a marketing multiverse where the buyer’s path is nonlinear, multichannel, and always changing than a step forward. A key part of the article examines how the digital revolution has caused a cognitive and operational rewiring of marketing strategy, therefore transcending simple tool or platform change. Data is now a real-time dashboard driving strategy, innovation, and budget allocation, not a retroactive report card. The article looks at how technologies such CRM systems, artificial intelligence-driven chatbots, AR/VR interfaces, and blockchain-based verification have changed the connection between marketer trust, immediacy, and immersion. Likewise, the report emphasizes in certain situations—be it rural outreach, premium branding, or experiential campaigns—the ongoing importance of conventional marketing methods. Trade exhibits, direct mailings, in-person presentations, and brand jingles still have impact, particularly in areas or demographics where tactile confidence dominates digital dazzle. The study supports a hybrid paradigm, a symphonic mix in which digital rhythms of automation, scalability, and analytics harmonises with classical virtues of customization, believability, and human touch. Furthermore, investigated in terms of sales architecture is this hybridisation. With its reliance on human intuition, relationship-building, and verbal persuasion, traditional field sales contrasts with the digital speed of social selling—where value propositions are algorithmically tailored, leads are scored by artificial intelligence, and customer relationships are managed through dashboards. The report suggests a confluence: a sales approach embracing the accuracy of tech-enabled interaction but keeping the subtlety of face-to–face persuasion. Content ideation and narrative are yet another important question this study begs. Content in old marketing was static, defined by copywriters and distributed via set routes. Content in digital marketing is polyphonic, live, alive. Users create it; algorithms curate it; it runs on blogs and podcasts as well as on Twitter threads, TikHub reels. Now, tools like Canva, Figma, and Lumen5 enable even non-designers to create striking images and films, hence democratizing content production and blurring the line between producer and consumer. This paper also looks at marketing as an open-ended experience ecosystem rather than as a closed-loop transaction. Omni-channel approaches, user-generated content, and influencer marketing are rewriting the brand-consumer relationship into a cooperative narrative in which relatability outshines glamor and authenticity overcomes perfection. This demands a change in perspective from campaign thinking to community development from ROI to resonance. By combining these multifaceted concepts, the paper offers a complete framework for contemporary marketers—a pragmatic but philosophical manual that fits strategy with technology, creativity with data, and tradition with innovation. It exhorts marketers to become navigators of paradox: to honor heritage while embracing innovation, to tell tales while crunching figures, and to create connections in a society progressively mediated by code. This study ultimately supports an adaptable, integrated marketing strategy wherein the canvas of tradition and the brushstrokes of innovation join together to create a masterwork of relevance, authenticity, and effect. In this age of marketing metamorphosis—where brands are both broadcasters and listeners, both symbols and influencers—the marketer is no more just a communicator but a mapper of meaning in a marketplace without boundaries.
Unclear and Uncertainty: A comparative Analysis of the Somali Petroleum Authority and Global Petroleum Regulatory
This paper critically evaluates the institutional effectiveness and limited operational mandate of the Somali Petroleum Authority (SPA) in the governance of Somalia’s emerging oil and gas sector. Although Somalia holds significant hydrocarbon potential, capturing these economic opportunities requires a transparent regulatory framework and competent oversight institutions. The 2020 Petroleum Law assigns the SPA key responsibilities, including license administration, compliance enforcement, and oversight of upstream activities. However, the Authority has struggled to execute these functions, resulting in diminished transparency and slow sectoral progress. Using a qualitative, comparative case study methodology, the research analyzes legal provisions, institutional documentation, and academic sources to examine the SPA’s designated functions and assess whether its shortcomings arise from legislative constraints, weak implementation, or authority overlap—particularly with the Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources. Comparative insights from established regulatory models in Ghana and Uganda provide contextual benchmarks. Findings indicate that, despite a seemingly comprehensive legal mandate, the SPA’s effectiveness is undermined by ambiguous institutional arrangements and overlapping responsibilities. This dysfunction has contributed to opaque licensing practices, inadequate contract monitoring, and weak enforcement of due diligence requirements, including the failure to revoke non-compliant agreements. Such governance deficiencies risk deterring investment, eroding public trust, and compromising sustainable resource management.
“Difficult Joy” in Mountain Tourism: Rethinking Experience through Energy Flow toward a Physical, Emotional and Cognitive Bidirectional Model of Energetic Exchange
This study explores mountain tourism as a multidimensional and dynamic phenomenon, integrating insights from literature, primary research, and interdisciplinary theory. Drawing from 453 survey responses and 16 international conferences (1998–2024), the research identifies eight foundational principles that shape mountain tourism, emphasizing sustainability, seasonality, and human transformation. The tripartite model—physical, emotional, and cognitive—frames tourism as an energetic exchange between the Individual and the Whole, oscillating between relaxation and exertion, self-confirmation and self-transcendence. Factor analysis reveals two meta-factors: relaxation/ease and exercise/difficulty, which correlate with demographic variables such as age, gender, income, and education. The study proposes a conceptual framework based on energy flow, defining tourism as a pursuit of joy expressed through material, emotional, and cognitive transformation. It distinguishes between individual-centered (passive) and whole-centered (active) tourism work, linking harmonious energy exchange to health and sustainability, and imbalance to pathological conditions. Recommendations include designing balanced experiences, fostering community engagement, and developing educational initiatives. Future research directions involve modeling tourism as a system of oscillating dipoles and constructing a dynamic personality theory rooted in cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions
Artificial Intelligence in Education – Opportunities, Challenges & Legal Implications
Introducing Artificial Intelligence (AI) into the field of education opens up a promising new path filled with numerous opportunities, yet it also brings forth considerable challenges and requires careful ethical considerations. This review examines the diverse landscape of AI incorporation in education, emphasizing its ability to transform established teaching methods, customize learning experiences, and simplify administrative functions. However, it also highlights the difficulties associated with implementation, such as concerns over accessibility, data privacy, and the digital divide. The possibilities that AI offers in the educational sector are extensive and groundbreaking. AI-powered technologies can tailor instruction to match individual learning preferences, thus improving student engagement and academic performance. Furthermore, AI tools can take over administrative responsibilities, enabling teachers to devote more time to enriching interactions with their students. Despite these advantages, the application of AI in education brings forth ethical issues that need thorough investigation. There are significant worries regarding data protection and security as educational institutions gather and scrutinize large volumes of student information.
Artificial Intelligence and Counselling in Nigerian Schools: Confronting Challenges while Unlocking Prospects
Counselling in Nigerian schools remains constrained by limited personnel, inadequate training, and infrastructural challenges, leaving many students underserved in their academic, psychological, and socio-emotional needs. With counsellor–student ratios far exceeding recommended standards, traditional approaches struggle to meet the demands of Nigeria’s rapidly expanding school population. This paper explore Artificial Intelligence and Counselling in Nigerian Schools: Confronting Challenges while Unlocking Prospects. Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers promising solutions through tools such as chatbots, predictive analytics, and intelligent tutoring systems, which enhance accessibility, efficiency, and early identification of at-risk students. Drawing on the Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) framework, this paper examines both the opportunities and constraints of integrating AI into Nigerian school counselling, including issues of cultural localisation, ethical governance, infrastructural readiness, and sustainability. The discussion highlights hybrid models that combine AI-driven interventions with human expertise as the most viable pathway, ensuring empathy, ethical judgment, and cultural sensitivity are preserved. By outlining benefits, risks, and implementation strategies, the paper argues that responsible AI adoption can transform Nigeria’s counselling ecosystem, bridging gaps in student welfare and promoting equitable, inclusive educational outcomes.
Housing Affordability and Workforce Stability in the NHS: Evidence from England
NHS’ employees in England are now under financial constraint due to the high cost of decent housing, as many of them are unable to afford suitable accommodation in their operational regions, particularly in London, the North East, and the North West. Therefore, the study examined the economic effect of rising housing cost on selected employees of National Health Service in England. The study sampled four-hundred (400) NHS employees by limiting the study areas to three areas of the nine in England, including London, the North East, and the North West, using the Taro Yamane approach (1967). Thereafter, logit regression analysis was applied. The descriptive analysis showed that 73.3% of sampled respondents were within an economic active age, while NHS has various unit of department and employees that ensures each residents in England receive comprehensive and universal health care services. The logit regression showed that housing cost as independent variable had an inverse effect on financial status and NHS retention, while utility charges, services charges and council tax showed direct effects. Also, house cost showed a direct effect on NHS recruitment. Implying that, when there is one-unit increases in housing cost, the employees is likely to see their income decrease by approximately 52.4%, while, rising housing cost among recruited employees of NHS is likely to reduce employee retention by 24.5%. The study concluded that rising housing cost among NHS employees worsen their financial status, as well as, reduced employees’ retention in the organisation. The study recommended that the NHS’ administration should embark on policies that provide housing options for its employees through provision of reasonable housing allowance that reflect economic reality or partnership with developers to provide moderate house for her employees.
Measuring the Costs of Faculty Turnover, Teacher Absenteeism and their Implications for the Performance of Higher Education Institutions: A Case Study at the Faculty of Economics, Uon
The research “Measuring the Costs of Faculty Turnover and Teacher Absenteeism and Their Implications for the Performance of Higher Education Institutions” aims to demonstrate the costs arising from turnover at the Faculty of Economics, University 11 de Novembro (FEUON). This study is relevant for institutional management as it allows the identification of dysfunctions that undermine organisational efficiency and financial sustainability. It is a descriptive–exploratory study with a qualitative approach, conducted through field research. Data collection was carried out using semi-structured interviews applied to the heads of the Human Resources, Financial, and Scientific departments, as well as to the teaching and research units, including both active and former faculty members. The information was analysed using statistical techniques that enabled the explanation of the cause–effect relationship between faculty turnover and absenteeism and the costs incurred by the institution. The findings revealed hidden costs amounting to AOA 6,501,607.20, most of which were intangible and identified through the application of the SOF Method. It was observed that faculty turnover not only increases the visible cost structure but also results in productivity loss, disruption of the teaching–learning process, and organisational demotivation, thereby compromising academic quality and institutional performance. The analysis, grounded in socio-economic and behavioural theory, demonstrates that the absence of effective policies for the retention and appreciation of human capital raises hidden costs, undermining the competitiveness and sustainability of FEUON in the medium and long term.
Incorporating “Making to Yourselves Friends of the Mammon of Unrighteousness” into Business Ethics Education: A Theological Ethical Perspective on Teaching Capital Stewardship
This study explores how theological ethics can enrich business ethics education, using the biblical injunction in Luke 16:9—“make to yourselves friends of the mammon of unrighteousness”—as a framework for teaching capital stewardship. In Nigeria, business ethics has long struggled with challenges such as corruption, greed, and corporate scandals, which weaken both economic progress and public trust.Traditional business education often prioritizes technical competence and profit maximization while neglecting moral formation. As a result, many graduates remain vulnerable to covetousness and unethical practices. This paper argues that theological ethics—especially the principle of stewardship—offers a transformative approach to reorient business education toward accountability, integrity, and social responsibility.By presenting wealth as a divine trust, students can begin to view profit not merely as personal gain but as a tool to promote justice, fairness, and sustainable development. The study also acknowledges the challenges of embedding theological perspectives in secular curricula, including resistance from curriculum designers, the misuse of prosperity theology, and concerns about inclusivity in Nigeria’s religiously plural society.Despite these obstacles, the research contends that integrating stewardship into business curricula can foster ethical leadership, reduce materialism, and promote transparency in economic management. The paper concludes by recommending curriculum reforms, interdisciplinary teaching, and policy support that align theological insights with professional standards. In doing so, it envisions a generation of business leaders who pursue wealth with responsibility, transforming resources into instruments for communal well-being.
Cost Management as A Strategy for Competitiveness in Private Higher Education Institutions in Cabinda
This dissertation, which addresses Cost Management as a Strategy for the Competitiveness of Private Higher Education Institutions (PHEIs) in Cabinda, aims to demonstrate its importance as a strategic tool for enhancing competitiveness. The study seeks to understand how efficient cost management practices promote the rational use of resources and improve institutional performance, considering that PHEIs in Cabinda face a high dependency on student tuition fees and a predominantly fixed cost structure, which limits the precision of expense allocation. A qualitative case study approach was adopted, focusing on the Instituto Superior Politécnico de Cabinda (ISPCAB), with a descriptive and explanatory nature, based on the hypothetical-deductive method. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews and document analysis, involving financial, administrative, and operational managers, as well as internal ISPCAB documents. Findings revealed that the implementation of the Activity-Based Costing (ABC) system enabled a more effective allocation of costs by activity and subsequently by academic program, ensuring greater cost traceability to support decision-making. Cost management showed a direct positive impact on the institution’s operational efficiency and financial sustainability. The main hypothesis was validated, confirming that effective cost management enhances competitiveness by optimizing resource use and improving profitability. A balanced relationship was identified between operational costs and revenues (17.5%), as well as positive profitability across the programs analyzed, with particular emphasis on the International Relations course, which recorded the highest profit margin (85.61%). Additionally, the application of internal benchmarking, based on the ABC methodology, proved to be a valuable complementary strategic tool by enabling the identification of internal best practices and significant performance disparities among academic programs. It is concluded that cost management, particularly through the ABC system, is crucial for the efficiency, sustainability, and competitive advantage of private higher education institutions in Cabinda, as it empowers more coherent and proactive decision-making at ISPCAB.
Momo Data promoter agent and MTN Ivory Coast.
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