Examining Safety Perceptions Across Diverse Bus Systems in Brazil
Keywords:
Abstract
This study investigates the safety perceptions of victims and witnesses of crime on various bus systems in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Through a web-based survey, a convenient sample of bus users from the UFMG university campus was gathered to analyze the influence of mechanisms of control and surveillance technology on their safety perceptions within the BRT MOVE system and the traditional bus system. Utilizing linear regression analysis, the study hypothesized that participants’ safety perceptions would vary based on the different risks as well as control mechanisms present in each bus system. The study addressed limitations, reviewed reliability and validity concerns, and highlighted the impact of various risk factors and socio-demographic factors on riders’ safety perceptions at bus stops, on buses, and at stations. These findings contribute to a greater understanding of the challenges facing urban mobility for bus riders in Brazil and offer potential solutions.
References
(2014) Observatorio da Mobilidade Urbana—PlanMob BH. http://www.bhtrans.pbh.gov.br
(2021) Belo Horizonte BRT DATA. https://brtdata.org/location/latin_america/brazil/belo_horizonte/
K. Carr, G. Spring (1993) Public Transport Safety: A community right and a communal responsibility. 147–155.
L.E. Cohen, M. Felson (1979) Social change and crime trends: a routine activities approach. 44, 88–100.
R.V. Clarke (1996) Preventing mass transit crime. 6.
R.V. Clarke, J. E. Eck (2005) Crime Analysis for Problem Solvers In 60 Small Steps.
(2016) Perfil dos Motoristas de onibus urbanos 2017 (2015). https://cnt.org.br/pesquisas
(2015) Perfil dos Motoristas de onibus urbanos 2015.
B.J. Doran, B.G. Lees (2008) Investigating the spatiotemporal links between disorder, crime, and the fear of crime. 57/1, 1–12.
J.R. Evan, A. Mathur (2005) The value of online surveys. 15/2, 195–219.
M. O. Fontoura (2014) Ausencias, avancos, e contradicoes da atual politica publica de mobilidade urbana de Belo Horizonte: Uma pesquisa sobre o direito de acesso amplo e democratico ao espacio urbano.
U. Gabriel, W. Greve (2003) The psychology of fear of crime. Conceptual and Methodological Perspectives. 43/3, 600–614.
B. A. Jacobs (2012) Carjacking and copresence. 49/4, 471–488.
B. A. Jacobs (2013) The manipulation of fear in carjacking. 45/5, 523–544.
C. Hale (1996) Fear of crime: A review of the literature. 4/2, 79–150.
D.T. Hartgen, G.L Ingall, T.W. Owens (1993) Public Fear of Crime and Its Role in Bus Transit Use. 1–37.
L.S. Haz, O. (2017) Mobilidade urbana e a construcao do espacio: O caso dos pontos de onibus da cidade de Belo Horizonte.
(2020) Comportamento em espacos de espera da mobilidade: Uma analise comparative entre as estacoes BRT e os pontos de onibus de Belo Horizonte.
M. Hough (1995) Anxiety about crime findings from the 1994 British Crime Survey. http://jdl.handle.net/1068/452934
IBGE (2017) Estimativa populacional de Belo Horizonte para 2017. https://cod.ibge.gov.br/2VU1L
B.J. Kinney, P.L. Brantingham, K. Wuschke, G.M. Kirk, P.J Brantigham (2008) Crime attractors, generators and detractors: Land use and urban crime opportunities. 34(1), 62–74.
N. Lavine, M. Wachs (1986) Bus crime in Los Angeles II: Victims and public impact. 20, 273–293.
D. Lessa (2019) Accessibilidade e Mobilidade Espacial da Populacao: Evidencias e Contradicoes no caso de Belo Horizonte.
A. Lukaitou-Sideris (1999) Hot spots of bus stop crime. 65(4), 395–411.
G.C. Miranda, C Lobo, D.A. Lessa (2017) A mobilidade urbana e o transporte coletivo por onibus em Belo Horizonte: cenarios e projecoes para 2022 e 2032.
M. Natarajan, R. Clarke, C. Carcach (2015) Situational prevention and public transport crime in El Salvador. 2–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-015-0043-4
A.D. Newton (2004) Crime on public transport: “static” and “non-static” (moving) crime events. 5(3), 25–42.
E. Oliveira, M. Natarajan, B. Silva (2019) Bus robberies in Belo Horizonte: Solutions for safe travel. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128719871547
Observatorio do Milenio & Prefeitura de Belo Horizonte (2020) Relatorio Tecnico de acompanhamento dos objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentavel de Belo Horizonte, 2020. https://prefeitura.pbh.gov.br/sites/default/files/estrutura-de-governo/planejamento/relat_odsbh_2020.pdf
C. Pantazis (2000) Fear of crime, vulnerability and poverty. 40(3), 414–436.
E. Paes-Machado, C. Levenstein (2004) 'I'm Sorry Everybody, But This is Brazil': Armed Robbery on the Buses in Brazilian Cities. 44(1), 1--14. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/44.1.1
E. Paes-Machado, S. Viodres-Inoue (2015) O lado Sombrio da Estrada vitimizacao, gestao coercitiva e percepcao de medo nos roubos a onibus interurbanos. 30(89), 9–30.
E. Paes-Machado, S. Viodres-Inoue (2016) Perception of fear and coercive management of victims of intercity bus robberies. 17(1), 22–39.
A.H. Patterson (1985) Fear of crime and other barriers to use of public transportation by the elderly. 2(4), 277–288.
K.D. Parker, M.C. Ray (2010) Fear of crime: An assessment of related factors. 29–40.
L.D. Ribeiro, M.G. Ribeiro (2013) Ibeu: Indice de bem-estar urbano. https://observatoriadasmetropoles.net.br/arquivos/biblioteca/abook_file/ibeu_livro.pdf
SEGEM (2013) Relatorio complete pesquisa origem e destino 2011/2012. https://www.agenciarm.bh.mg.ov.br/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Relatorio-completo-pesquisa-OD-2012-1.pdf
R. Shellow, J. P. Romualdi, E.W. Bartel (1974) Crime and Vandalism in Public Transportation. 1–12.
D.C.B. Sousa, C.S. Pitombo, S.S. Rocha, A.R. Salgueiro, J.P.M. Delgado (2017) Violence in public transportation: an approach based on spatial analysis. 1–10.
P. Yanez-Pagans, D. Martinez, O.A. Mitnick, L. Scholl, A. Vazquez (2019) Urban transport systems in Latin America and the Caribbean: Lessons and challenges. 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40503-019-0079-z
M. Xie, D. McDowall (2008) Escaping crime: the effects of direct and indirect victimization on moving. 46(4), 809–840.
R.R. Wallace, D.A. Rodriguez, C. White, J. Levine (1999) Who noticed, who cares? Passenger reactions to transit safety measures. 133–138.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Authors and Global Journals Private Limited
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
