Tree Richness and Carbon Storage in Developing a Tropical Evergreen Forest after Slash-And-Burn in the Lacandon Region
Keywords:
small-sized sprayer, sprayer, spray angle, field boom, transverse vibrations, spray uniformity, nomogram., Regeneration rainforest, Environmental services, Species richness, Biodiversity, and Tropical rainforest.Abstract
The objectives were to quantify tree richness and estimate carbon stored during the recovery and development of tropical evergreen forest (BTP) affected by the traditional slash and burn (RTQ) system practiced by the Lacandon-Mayan ethnic group. This research was carried out in the Lacandona region of Mexico. The aim was to determine whether the RTQ system maintains tree species richness and whether stored C is recovered.
Methods. Dismantled areas were located with the RTQ system from 5, 10, and 20 years ago (BTR5, BTR10, and BTR20, respectively). To obtain tree richness, botanical collections of all tree species present in 0.1 ha plots of BTR5, BTR10, and BTR25, as well as two BTP plots (BTP1 and BTP2, respectively) were carried out. In each plot, height, diameter at breast height, and number of individuals of each tree species were recorded. To estimate the stored C, the equation proposed by Chave et al., (2005) was used, which relates the DAP and the density of the wood of each species.
Results. A tree richness of 71 species was obtained in 0.1 ha. In BTP1, 47 species were recorded and in BTP2, 38 species were recorded. The number of species increased (20, 17, and 39 species) according to the recovery age of the BTR (5, 10, and 20 years respectively), so the rest period is adequate for the recovery of tree richness. The accumulation of C in the trees showed that the RTQ system must modify the recovery or rotation age since the carbon stored at 5, 10, and 20 years was 29, 35, and 74 Mg C ha-1 respectively, while in BTP1 and BTP2 they were 478 and 512 Mg C ha-1 respectively. The polynomial model obtained indicates rest periods between 40 and 50 years to recover the C stored in the mature BTP.
References
A. Albrecht, S.T. Kandji (2003) Carbon sequestration in tropical agroforestry systems. 99, 15-27.
G. Barajas-Guzmán, J. Álvarez-Sánchez (2004) Asignación de recursos e influencia de los cotiledones en el crecimiento de plántulas de Nectandra ambigens (Blake) C.K. Allen (Lauraceae) en una selva tropical húmeda. 74, 5-11.
J.C. Bojorges-Baños, L. López-Mata (2006) Asociación de la riqueza y diversidad de especies de aves y estructura de la vegetación en una selva mediana subperennifolia en el centro de Veracruz, México. 77, 235-249.
N.V.L. Brokaw (1987) Gap-phase regeneration of three pioneer tree species in a tropical forest. 271-287.
G.S. Carvalho, J. R. Oliveira, N. Cury, D.G. Schulze, J.J. Marques (2019) Selenium and mercury in Brazilian Cerrado soils and their relationships with physical and chemical soil characteristics. 218, 412-415.
J. Chave, C. Andalo, S. Brown, M. A. Cairns, J. Q. Chambers, D. Eamus, H. Fölster, F. Fromard, N. Higuchi, T. Kira, J.P. Lescure, B. W. Nelson, H. Ogawa, H. Puig, B. Riéra, T. Yamakura (2005) Tree allometry and improved estimation of carbón stocks and balance in tropical forests. 145, 87-99.
J. Chave, R. Condit, S. Aguilar, A. Hernandez, S. Lao, R. Perez (2004) Error propagation and scaling for tropical forest biomass estimates. 359, 409–420.
R. L. Chazdon, E. N. Broadbent, D. M. A. Rozendaal, F. Bongers, A. M. A. Zambrano, T. M. A. Aide, P. Balvanera, J. M. Becknell, V. Boukili, P. H. S. Brancalion, D. Craven, J. S. Almeida Cortez, G. A. L. Cabral, B. de Jong, J. S. Denslow, D. H. Dent, S. J. DeWalt, J. M. Dupuy, S. M. Durán, M. M. Espírito-Santo, M. C. Fandino, R. G. César Garcia, J. S. Hall, J. L. Hernández-Stefanoni, C. C. Jakovac, A. B. Junqueira, D. Kennard, S. G. Letcher, M. Lohbeck, M. Martínez-Ramos, P. Massoca, J. A. Meave, R. Mesquita, F. Mora, R. Muñoz, R. Muscarella, Y. R. F. Nunes, S. Ochoa-Gaona, E. Orihuela-Belmonte, M. Peña-Claros, E. A. Pérez-García, D. Piotto, J. S. Powers, J. Rodríguez-Velazquez, I. Eunice Romero-Pérez, J. Ruiz, J. G. Saldarriaga, A. Sanchez-Azofeifa, N. B. Schwartz, M. K. Steininger, N. G. Swenson, M. Uriarte, M. van Breugel, H. van der Wal, M. D. M. Veloso, H. Vester, I. C. G. Vieira, T. V. B. Bentos, G. B. Williamson, L. Poorter (2016) Carbon sequestration potential of second growth forest regeneration in the Latin American tropics. 2, e1501639.
Alencastro G. P.M., Vieira D. L., Neeff T., da Costa F. C. (2014) La quema de residuos agrícolas: fuente de dioxinas. 6 pp..
V. Alencastro, D. L. Vieira, T. Neeff, F. C. da Costa (2005) Carbon budget estimation in Central Amazonia: Successional forest modeling from remote sensing data. 94(4), 608-522.
S. A. W. Diemont, J. F. Martina, S. I. Levy-Tacher, R. B. Nigh, P. J. Ramirez Lopez, D. Golicher (2006) Lacandon Maya forest management: Restoration of soil fertility using native tree species. 28, 205-212.
J. M. Eaton, D. Lawrence (2009) Loss of carbon sequestration potential after several decades of shifting cultivation in the Southern Yucatán. 258, 949–958.
T. Escalante-Espinoza (2003) ¿Cuántas especies hay? Los estimadores no paramétricos de Chao. 52, 53-56.
J. Glenday (2006) Carbon storage and emissions offset potential in an East African tropical rainforest. 235, 72–83.
S. Holz, G. Placci, R. D. Quintana (2009) Effects of history on secondary forest regeneration in the Upper Parana Atlantic Forest (Misiones, Argentina). 258, 1629-1642.
R. Houghton, D. Skole, C. Nobre, J. Hackler, K. Lawrence, W. Chomentowski (2000) Annual fluxes of carbon from deforestation and regrowth in the Brazilian Amazon. 403, 301-304.
Flint R. Hughes, Bonne J. Kauffman, Victor J. Jaramillo (1999) Biomass, carbon and nutrient dynamics of secondary forests in a humid tropical region of Mexico. 80(6), 1892-1907.
Instituto Nacional de Ecología INE (2000) Programa de Manejo Reserva de la Biosfera Montes Azules. 256.
K.R. Kirby, C. Potvin (2007) Variation in carbon storage among tree species: Implications for the management of a small-scale carbon sink project. 246, 208-221.
N. Mainville, J. Webb, M. Lucotte, R. Davidson, O. Betancourt, E. Cueva, D. Mergler (2006) Decrease of soil fertility and release of mercury following deforestation in the Andean Amazon, Napo River Valley, Ecuador. 99-98.
M. Martínez-Ramos (2006) Aspectos Ecológicos de la selva húmeda en la Región Lacandona: Perspectivas para su estudio y conservación.
M. Martínez-Ramos, X. García-Orth (2007) Sucesión ecológica y restauración de las selvas húmedas. 80, 69-84.
J. Meave (1983) Estructura y composición de la selva alta perennifolia de Bonampak, Chiapas.
Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-059-ECOL-2001, Protección ambiental-Especies nativas de México de flora y fauna silvestres-Categorías de riesgo y especificaciones para su inclusión, exclusión o cambio-Lista de especies en riesgo.
S. Ochoa-Gaona, Francisco H.V. V., Bernardus H. De J., Francisco D.G.G. G. (2007) Pérdida de diversidad florística ante un gradiente de intensificación del sistema de roza-tumba-quema: un estudio en el caso en la selva Lacandona, Chiapas, México. 81, 65-80.
T.D. Pennington, J. Sarukhán (2005) Árboles tropicales de México. Manual para la identificación de las principales especies. 523.
J. Rodríguez-Velázquez, P. Sinaca Colín, G. Jamangapé G. (2009) Frutos y semillas de árboles tropicales de Mexico. 119.
R. Salazar, C. Soihet (2001) Manejo de semillas de 75 especies forestales de América Latina. II, 79-80.
T.R. Shankar-Raman, G.S. Rawat, A.J.T. Johnsingh (1998) Recovery of Tropical Rainforest Avifauna in relation to vegetation succession following shifting cultivation in Mizoram, North-East India. 35(2), 214-231.
P.C. Standley (1926) Trees and Shrubs of Mexico. 23, 1566.
M.D. Swaine, J.B. Hall (1983) Early succession on cleared forest land in Ghana. 71, 601-28.
T. Toledo-Aceves, S Purata-Velarde, C.M. Peters (2009) Regeneration of commercial tree species in a logged forest in the Selva Maya, México. 258, 2481-2489.
I.M. Turner (2001) The ecology of Trees in the Tropical Rain Forest. 228.
C. Vázquez-Yanes, A.I. Batis-Muñoz, M.I. Alcocer-Silva, M.G. Díaz, C. Sánchez-Dirzo (1984) Árboles y arbustos nativos potencialmente valiosos para la restauración ecológica y la reforestación.
M. Williams, C.M. Ryan, R.M. Rees, E. Sambane, J. Fernando, J. Grace (2008) Carbon sequestration and biodiversity of re-growing miombo woodlands in Mozambique. 254, 145-155.
T.C. Whitmore (1998) The influence of tree population dynamics on forest species composition. 271-287.
J.S. Wright (2002) Plant diversity in tropical forests: a review of mechanisms of species coexistence. 130, 1-14.
J.M. Wunderle (1997) The role of animal seed dispersal in accelerating native forest regeneration on degraded tropical lands. 99, 223-235.
Xiao-Tao Lüa, Jiang-Xia Yina, Martin R. Jepsenc, Jian-Wei Tanga (2010) Ecosystem carbon storage and partitioning in a tropical seasonal forest in Southwestern China. 260, 1798–1803.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Authors and Global Journals Private Limited
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
